Which IIHF rules does a player need to know before the first tournament?

Before every game the team manager or coach lists the eligible players on the line-up sheet and gives it to the official scorekeeper at least 60 minutes before the start (Rule 5.1). A team needs at least five skaters and one goalkeeper to start the game.

The rulebook checks your name, not your jersey number (5.2). A wrong number is a clerical problem. A missing name makes you an ineligible player.

If an official spots you in uniform but missing from the sheet before the game, the team corrects the sheet and nobody is penalised. Once the game has started, the sheet cannot be changed.

When an ineligible player is identified during the game, they are removed and the team cannot bring in a replacement. A goal scored while that player was on the ice is disallowed, even if they never touched the puck. Only the goal at that stoppage is cancelled; earlier goals stand.

Players registered for the event but left off the game sheet may still take part in the warm-up.

Every player wears an ice hockey helmet with the chin strap properly fastened (9.6). That applies on the ice and also in the pre-game warm-up, on the players' bench and in the penalty box. A helmet that falls off without an opponent pulling it was not fastened correctly.

If your helmet comes off during play, leave the ice straight away. You may not pick it up and put it back on out there. Ignoring this costs a minor penalty without a warning. If only the strap opens and the helmet stays on, you may play on until the next stoppage or until you change.

Face protection depends on age and category:

Changes during play are legal as long as the player coming off is within 1.5 m of the players' bench and out of the play before the substitute steps on (74.1). Jump too early and the officials may call a bench minor for too many players on the ice.

You count as on the ice once both skates are on it. A player coming off with one skate on the ice and one in the bench is already off.

If either player touches the puck or makes contact with an opponent while both are on the ice, the call is automatic. If the puck merely hits one of them by accident, play goes on.

Leave the ice at your own bench only. Going out through another door is an illegal change, and the penalty is again a bench minor. Coming out of the penalty box, you skate to your own bench before anyone replaces you (74.3).

After a stoppage the visiting team puts its line-up on the ice first and the home team changes last (82.1). Once both lines are set, nobody changes until the face-off is completed, unless a new penalty alters the numbers on the ice.

Your stay depends on the type of penalty. The full list of infractions and penalties is in our ice hockey penalties guide; here is what matters when you are the one sitting there.

• Minor, 2 minutes: if the other team scores while you are short-handed, the minor with the least time left ends and you return (16.2). A goal from a penalty shot does not release you.
• Major, 5 minutes: you serve the full time; goals do not shorten it.
• Misconduct, 10 minutes: a teammate replaces you on the ice at once, so the team is not short-handed. When the 10 minutes are up you stay in the box until the next stoppage (22.1). A second misconduct in the same game is an automatic game misconduct.
• Bench minor: the coach, through the playing captain, names any player except the goalkeeper to serve it (17.1).

Leaving the box before your time is up earns another minor on top of the remaining time (70.4). Keep the helmet on and strapped, because leaving the box without it is also a minor (9.6).

Men's U20 and U18. Any foul that draws a major penalty also brings a game misconduct, and the player leaves the game (201.1). In senior hockey a major ends your game only for the infractions listed in the IIHF reference tables or with a second major (20.4); in junior hockey every major does.

Women's hockey. Body checking is allowed only with a clear intention to play the puck or gain possession of it (101.1). Two players chasing the puck may push and lean into each other as long as both are only after the puck. An illegal hit costs a minor, or a major with an automatic game misconduct.

Face protection in both groups is covered in the equipment table above. Without the required protection a player may not take part in the game.

In IIHF games a tie after regulation goes to overtime, and if overtime stays scoreless, to a shootout (84.4). It starts with five different shooters per team. The coach does not have to name them in advance, and every player on the official game sheet is eligible.

The exception is in 84.4 (III). A skater whose penalty had not been completed when overtime ended cannot shoot, and must stay in the penalty box or the dressing room. The same applies to penalties given during the shootout.

If the five rounds end level, the teams continue shot for shot, and now the same player may shoot again. A player who declines to shoot is recorded as no score.

Only the deciding goal counts in the game result, so a game won in the shootout goes into the records as a one-goal win.

The organizer can run each game on the ice hockey live scoreboard. Players and fans see the clock and every penalty counting down: 2, 2+2, 5 and 10 minutes. A minor ends after a power-play goal, a major does not, and a third penalty waits its turn so a team never drops below three skaters.

In a new tournament bracket the group table starts with the IIHF rules from Event Code articles 218 and 219: 3 points for a win in regulation, 2 for a win in overtime or the shootout, 1 for a loss in overtime or the shootout and 0 for a regulation loss. In a league the IIHF option is available only when the league records results "after overtime". A walkover is entered as 5-0 by default.

By default the organizer enters results. Players or team managers enter and confirm scores only in group and round-robin games, and only when the organizer switches that on. Knockout, consolation and third-place results are confirmed by the organizer; the referee can keep the score on the board from the QR code.

JudgeMate does not replace the official game sheet. Your eligibility is still decided by the line-up the coach hands to the scorekeeper. How the officials work on the ice is covered in the ice hockey referee guide.